Gustavo A.S. Romero; Hélio A. Lessa; Vanize O. Macêdo; Edgar M. Carvalho; Aldina Barrai; Albino V. Magalhães; Maria G.O. Orge; Maria VA. Abreu; Philip D. Marsden
RESUMO
No período de setembro a novembro de 1994 foram tratados 21 pacientes com leishmaniose mucosa ativa, predominantemente adultos lavradores do sexo masculino, com sulfato de aminosidine intramuscular, I6mg/kg/dia por 20 dias. Treze pacientes eram virgens de tratamento e 8 haviam sido tratados sem sucesso com Glucantime®“. O diagnóstico baseou-se inicialmente em crítêrios epidemiolôgicos, clínicos e nos resultados da intrademoireação de Montenegro e a imunofluorescência indireta para anticoipos séricos antileishmânia e durante o acompanhamento nos resultados dos estudos parasitológicos. Sessenta e sete por cento dos pacientes tiveram diagnóstico parasitológico confirmado sendo a inoculação do material de biópsia das lesões em hamsters o método mais sensível. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi de 12,6 meses. A adesão ao tratamento foi de 100%. Os efeitos colaterais foram dor no local da injeção (86%), proteinúria leve (24%), elevação do nível sérico de creatinina (5%) e perda auditiva subclínica em um dos dois pacientes que realizaram audiometria. Obsevou-se cura clínica em 48% dos pacientes e a percentagem acumulada de recidiva foi de 29% (4/14pacientes) durante o acompanhamento.
Palavras-chaves: Leishmaniose mucosa. Sulfato de aminosidine. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis.
ABSTRACT
From September to November 1994, 21 patients with active mucosal leishmaniasis were treated with aminosidine sulphate I6mg/kg/day by intramuscular injection for 20 days. They were principally adult male agricultural workers. Thirteen patients had not received specific treatment and eight had failed to respond to Glucantime® therapy. Diagnosis was based on clinical and epidemiological observations, a search for the parasite, leishmanin skin sensitivity and indirect fluorescent antibody serological tests. Sixty seven percent of patients had Leishmania parasites isolated from inoculated hamsters or visualized in imprints or histopathological sections. The mean follow-up period was 12.6 months. All patients completed treatment. Side effects were pain at the injection site (86%), mild proteinuria (24%), elevated serum creatinine (5%) and subclinical hearing loss in one of two patients who did audiometric tests. Clinical cure was achieved in 48% and the accumulated relapse rate was 29% (4/14).
Keywords: Mucosal leishmaniasis. Aminosidine sulphate. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis.
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Recebido para publicação em 26/01/96.
Endereço para correspondência:
Dr. Gustavo A. Sierra Romero.
Núcleo de Medicina Tropical e Nutrição.
Universidade de Brasília 70919-970. Brasília, DF., CP 04671, Fone: (061) 273-5008 Fax: (061) 273-2811.
E- mail: gromero@guarany.cpd.unb.br.
