Divina das Dores P. Cardoso; Edson Luis de Faria; Marli S. Pereira de Azevedo; Divina Aparecida O. Queiroz; Regina Maria B. Martins; Terezinha Teixeira de Souza; Roberto Ruhman Daher; Celina Maria Turchi Martelli
RESUMO
Foram coletadas, entre março de 1990 e julho de 1992, 1459 amostras sanguíneas de mulheres gestantes/parturientes na cidade de Goiânia-GO, objetivando detecção da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (VHB), através dos marcadores sorológicos AgHBs e anti-HBs. O percentual depositividade encontrado, pelo teste imunoenzimãtico, foi de 7,5%, sendo 0,5%para AgHBs e 7,0%para anti-HBs. A análise efetuada, considerando a faixa etária, mostra que 7 de 8 mulheres AgHBs-positivas pertenciam à faixa etária de até 30 anos, situação semelhante em relação ao anti-HBs(83/101). Das 8 mulheres positivas, 4 tiveram seus recém-nascidos submetidos a tratamento profilático com vacina (Engerix B) e imunoglobulina humana anti-hepatite B (HBIG). Além disso, 3 dessas crianças foram analisadas sorologicamente, sendo que uma era AgHBs-positiva ao nascimento. Doença sexualmente transmissível e transfusão sanguínea foram fatores de risco que coirelacionaram significantemente com a infecção. Esses resultados parece-nos reforçar a indicação de triagem à infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B no período pré-natal, assim como a adoção de medidas imunoprofiláticas nas crianças nascidas de mães positivas.
Palavras-chaves: Hepatite B. Gestante. Recém-nascido.
ABSTRACT
In order to detect hepatitis B vírus (HBV), 1459 serum samples from pregnant/parturient women were collected at two public hospitals in Goiânia, GO. These samples were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay forHBsAg and anti-HBs. 109 (7.5%) serum samples were positive. Eight (0.5%) sera were positive for HBsAg and 101 (7.0%) for anti-HBs. Viral positivity for both HBsAg and anti- HBs were observed in women which age ranged from 15 to 30 years. Four newborns from HBsAg positive mothers were submitted to the treatment with HBV vaccine (Engerix B) and with hyperimmune gammaglobulin (HBIG – Abbott Laboratories – Brazil). Cord blood from one of the newborns was positive for HBsAg. A positive association was found between hepatitis B and sexually transmited infections and blood transfusion. These results emphasize the need for prenatal sereening for HBV in pregnant women and treatment of the newborns from AgHBs positive mothers.
Keywords: Hepatitis B. Pregnant women. Newborn.
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Recebido para publicação em 26/07/95.
Laboratório de Virologia/Departamcnto de Microbiologia/Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública/Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO.
Suporte Financeiro: CNPq Processo n° 400641-90.8, CONCITEG (Conselho de Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Goiás), PNI (Plano Nacional de Imunização).
Endereço para correspondência:
Profa Divina das Dores de Paula Cardoso.
R. Delenda Rezende de Melo, esquina com 1a avenida, Setor Universitário, 74605-050
Goiânia, GO.
