Martha E. Chico; Ronald H. Guderian; Philip J. Cooper; Rodrigo Armijos; Max Grogl
ABSTRACT
A direct immunofluorescent antibody (DIFMA) test using a Leishmania genus- specific monoclonal antibody was evaluated in the routine diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Ecuador. This test was compared with the standard diagnostic techniques of scrapings, culture and histology. Diagnostic samples were taken from a total of 90 active dermal ulcers from patients from areas of Ecuador known to be endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis. DIFMA was positive in all lesions. It was shown to be significantly superior to standard diagnostic methods either alone or in combination. The sensitivity of DIFMA did not diminish with chronicity of lesions. This test proved to be extremely useful in the routine diagnosis of CL because it is highly sensitive, is easy to use and produces rapid results.
Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Diagnosis. Monoclonal antibody.
RESUMO
O método de imunofluorescência direta (DIFMA), com anticorpos monoclonais gênero- específicos para Leishmania, foi avaliado na rotina diagnostica da leishmaniose cutânea no Equador. O método foi comparado com técnicas diagnosticas de rotina: o esfregaço, a cultura e o exame histopatolôgico. As amostras para o diagnóstico foram obtidas de um total de 90 lesões cutâneas ativas, de doentes das ãreas do Equador, endêmicas para leishmaniose cutânea. O DIFMA foi positivo em todas as lesões, com resultados significativamente superior aos métodos diagnósticos de rotina, isolado ou em combinação. A sensibilidade do DFIMA não diminui em lesões crônicas. O método mostra-se muito útil no diagnóstico de leishmaniose cutânea, pela sua sensibilidade, rapidez e facilidade de execução.
Palavras-chave: Leishmaniose cutânea. Diagnóstico. Anticorpos monoclonais.
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Adress to correspondence:
Dra. Martha Chico,
Department of Clinical Investigation,
National Center for Tropical Diseases.
Hospital Vozandes, Casilla 17-17-691,
Quito, Ecuador, South America.
Fax: 593-2-447-263.
Recebido para publicação em 10/06/94.
National Center for Tropical Diseases- Quito branch, Hospital Vozandes, Institute of Investigation, School of Medicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador and Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Washington, DC. USA.
