Domingos Alves MeiraI; Jordão Pellegrino JúniorII; Jussara Marcondes-MachadoI; Kimiyoski TsujiIII; Elinda Satie MatsuokaIV; Elizete HaidaIV; Albert Boutros El KhouryIV
IDepartment of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Botucatu - UNESP IIDepartment of Urology, School of Medicine, Botucatu - UNESP IIITransplantation Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Japan IVBlood Bank, Hospital do Servidor Público do Estado de São Paulo
ABSTRACT
In August 1983,85 inhabitants of the municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas State, Brazil were studied to determine the prevalence of antigens to HLA-A, -B, -C and DR. Thirty-eight were sick with malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum. All subjects were examined for splenomegaly, blood parasitaemia and antibodies to malaria. They constituted three groups: 1) 25 subjects native to the Amazon region who had never had malaria; 2) 38 Amazonian subjects who had malaria in the past or currently had an infection; 3) 22 patients with malaria who had acquired the infection in the Amazon Region but came from other regions of Brazil.
Blood was taken from each person, the lymphocytes were separated and typed by the test of microlymphocytotoxicity.
There was a high frequency of antigens that could not be identified in the groups studied which suggests the existence of a homozygote or phenotype not identified in the population. There was a high frequency of the phenotype Ag(W24) (44.7%) in group 2 when compared with group 1 (32%) or group 3 (9%). Also the individuals in group 2 showed an elevated frequency of antigen DR480%) when compared with group 1 (36.6%) or group 3 (16.6%).
These observations suggest the possibility of a genetic susceptibility to malaria among Amazonian residents and indicate a necessity for more extensive studies of the frequency of HLA antigens among inhabitants of this endemic malarial zone.
Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum malaria. HLA frequency.
RESUMO
Em agosto de 1983 foram observados 85 habitantes do Município de Humaitá, Estado do Amazonas, Brasil, com a finalidade de estudar a prevalência dos antígenos de HLA -A, -B, -C e DR, dentre os quais 38 eram doentes com malária causada pelo Plasmodium falciparum Todos eles foram examinados para avaliação de esplenomegalia, exame parasitológico de sangue e pesquisa de anticorpos de malária. Foram constituídos três grupos: (I) 25 indivíduos nascidos na região Amazônica que nunca tiveram malária; (II) 38 indivíduos naturais da Amazônia que tinham sido tratados de malária no passado, ou que estavam tendo malária atual, e (III) 22 doentes com malária que contraíram na Amazônia e eram procedentes de outras regiões do Brasil. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de cada um deles, separados os linfôcitos e os antígenos de HLA foram tipados pelo teste de microlinfocitotoxidade.
Houve elevada freqüência de antígenos não identificados, nos grupos estudados, o que sugere ou a existência de homozigoze, oufenôtipo não identificado nessa população. Houve alta freqüência fenotípica de antígeno deAg(W24) (44,7%) no Grupo II, quando comparado ao Grupo 1(32%) ou Grupo III (9%). Os indivíduos do Grupo II mostraram também elevada freqüência do antígeno DR4 (80%) quando comparado ao Grupo 1(36,3%) ou Grupo III(16,6%).
Essas observações sugerem a possibilidade de suscetibilidadegenética ã malária entre os nativos da Amazônia e indicam a necessidade da realização de inquéritos mais extensos sobre a freqüência de antígenos de HLA em habitantes de zona endêmica de malária.
Palavras-chave: Malária. Plasmodium falciparum. Prevalência de HLA.
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Adress to correspondence:
Dr. Domingos Alves Meira
Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu/UNESP
Caixa Postal 522
18600
Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
Recebido para publicação em 7/4/86.
Supported by a CNPq grant (PIDE – Proc. 40.3705/82).
