Roberto Badaró; Edgar M. Carvalho; Maria de La Glória Orge Orge; Rodolfo S. Teixeira; Heonir Rocha
RESUMO
Foi realizada avaliação imunológica em 48 indivíduos com históriapregressa de leishmaniose visceral (L. V)eem seis pacientes durante a fase aguda da doença e após o tratamento. Títulos significativos de anticorpos determinados pela técnica de imunofluorescência e/ou ELISA foram observados em 32 (67%) dos 48 casos. A avaliação da resposta imune humoral e celular nos seis pacientes durante a fase ativa da doença demonstrou títulos elevados de anticorpos (média 9536 ± 7169) e resposta línfoproliferativa ausente (323 ± 24). Após o tratamento (3 e 6 meses) os títulos de anticorpos só caíram em três dos seis pacientes, ao passo que linfócitos passaram a responder “in vítro” a antígenos de leíshmânía (11909 ± 5637). Estes dados demonstram que os indivíduos que adquirem leishmaniose visceral não são geneticamente incapacitados de responder a antígeno de leíshmânía equea persistência de títulos elevados de anticorpos anos após o tratamento, sugere que o parasita permaneça no hospedeiro após a cura clínica da doença.
Palavras-chave: Leishmaniose visceral. Calazar. Sorologia. Imunidade celular. Imunidade humoral.
ABSTRACT
Immunological studies were done in 48 subjects with a past history of visceral leishmaniasis and in 6 patients during the active phase of the disease and shortly after treatment. Antibody titers determined by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFA) or ELISA were positive in 32 (67%) of the 48 persons that had visceral leishmaniasis in the past. The mean antibody titer by the IFA in the 6 patients with active visceral leishmaniasis was 9536 ± 7169 and thymidine uptake in the lymphocyte blastogenesis assay was 323 ± 24. After treatment (3 and 6 months) antibody titers had fallen only in 3 of the 6 patients and a restoration of the lymphocyte proliferative response wasobserved (11909 ±5637). These data demonstrated that there is no genetic inability of the host who acquire visceral leishmaniasis to develop a cellular immune response to leishmania antigen. Moreover, the longterm persistence of high antibody titers following therapy suggests that the parasite may stay in the host for long time even after apparent clinical cure of the infection.
Keywords: Leishmaniasis. Visceral leishmaniasis. Kala-azar. Humoral immunity. Cellular immunity.
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Endereço para correspondência:
Hospital Prof. Edgard Santos
Laboratório de Imunologia
40.000
Salvador – Bahia – Brasil.
Recebido para publicação em 24/10/84.
Trabalho realizado no Laboratório de Imunologia do Hospital Prof. Edgard Santos com o apoio do CNPq (nos 40.3685/82, 40.3695/82) e do National Institute of Health (nP AI 16282).
